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MAN page from Old RedHat 5.X perl-5.004-4.i386.rpm
PERLTOCSection: Perl Programmers Reference Guide (1) Updated: perl 5.004, patch 04 Index NAMEperltoc - perl documentation table of contents DESCRIPTIONThis page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perldocumentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or greppedthrough to locate the proper section you're looking for. BASIC DOCUMENTATION perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- Many usability enhancements, Simplified grammar, Lexical scoping,Arbitrarily nested data structures, Modularity and reusability,Object-oriented programming, Embeddable and Extensible, POSIX compliant,Package constructors and destructors, Multiple simultaneous DBMimplementations, Subroutine definitions may now be autoloaded, Regularexpression enhancements, Innumerable Unbundled Modules, Compilability
- ENVIRONMENT
- AUTHOR
- FILES
- SEE ALSO
- DIAGNOSTICS
- BUGS
- NOTES
perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 1997/04/24 22:46:06 $)- DESCRIPTION
- perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ, the perlfaq1 manpage: General QuestionsAbout Perl, the perlfaq2 manpage: Obtaining and Learning about Perl, the perlfaq3 manpage:Programming Tools, the perlfaq4 manpage: Data Manipulation, the perlfaq5 manpage: Files andFormats, the perlfaq6 manpage: Regexps, the perlfaq7 manpage: General Perl Language Issues,the perlfaq8 manpage: System Interaction, the perlfaq9 manpage: Networking
- Where to get this document
- How to contribute to this document
- What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the authors
- Credits
- Author and Copyright Information
- Noncommercial Reproduction
- Commercial Reproduction
- Disclaimer
- Changes
- 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version,Initial Release: 11/March/97
perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date: 1997/04/24 22:43:34 $)- DESCRIPTION
- What is Perl?
- Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?
- Which version of Perl should I use?
- What are perl4 and perl5?
- How stable is Perl?
- Is Perl difficult to learn?
- How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?
- Can I do [task] in Perl?
- When shouldn't I program in Perl?
- What's the difference between perl and Perl?
- Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
- What is a JAPH?
- Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
- How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version (5/5.004/Perl instead of some other language)?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.16 $, $Date: 1997/04/23 18:04:09 $)- DESCRIPTION
- What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?
- How can I get a binary version of Perl?
- I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?
- I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work.
- I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?
- What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?
- Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
- Where can I get information on Perl?
- What are the Perl newsgroups on USENET? Where do I post questions?
- Where should I post source code?
- Perl Books
- Perl in Magazines
- Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
- What mailing lists are there for perl?
- MacPerl, Perl5-Porters, NTPerl, Perl-Packrats
- Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
- Perl Training
- Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?
- Where do I send bug reports?
- What is perl.com? perl.org? The Perl Institute?
- How do I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 1997/04/24 22:43:42 $)- DESCRIPTION
- How do I do (anything)?
- How can I use Perl interactively?
- Is there a Perl shell?
- How do I debug my Perl programs?
- How do I profile my Perl programs?
- How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
- Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
- Is there a ctags for Perl?
- Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
- Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
- How can I use curses with Perl?
- How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
- How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?
- Can I dynamically load C routines into Perl?
- What is undump?
- How can I make my Perl program run faster?
- How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
- Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?
- How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
- How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
- How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
- How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
- How can I get `#!perl' to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
- Can I write useful perl programs on the command line?
- Why don't perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
- Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
- Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
- Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]
- I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C program, what am I doing wrong?
- When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?
- What's MakeMaker?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.19 $, $Date: 1997/04/24 22:43:57 $)- DESCRIPTION
- Data: Numbers
- Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
- Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
- Does perl have a round function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?
- How do I convert bits into ints?
- How do I multiply matrices?
- How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
- How can I output Roman numerals?
- Why aren't my random numbers random?
- Data: Dates
- How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?
- How can I compare two date strings?
- How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
- How can I find the Julian Day?
- Does Perl have a year 2000 problem?
- Data: Strings
- How do I validate input?
- How do I unescape a string?
- How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
- How do I expand function calls in a string?
- How do I find matching/nesting anything?
- How do I reverse a string?
- How do I expand tabs in a string?
- How do I reformat a paragraph?
- How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?
- How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
- How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?
- How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
- How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside [character]? (Comma-separated files)
- How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
- How do I extract selected columns from a string?
- How do I find the soundex value of a string?
- How can I expand variables in text strings?
- What's wrong with always quoting $vars?
- Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
- 1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should bea semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front ofthe tag
- Data: Arrays
- What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
- How can I extract just the unique elements of an array?
- a) If @in is sorted, and you want @out to be sorted:, b) If you don't knowwhether @in is sorted:, c) Like (b), but @in contains only small integers:,d) A way to do (b) without any loops or greps:, e) Like (d), but @incontains only small positive integers:
- How can I tell whether an array contains a certain element?
- How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays?
- How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?
- How do I handle linked lists?
- How do I handle circular lists?
- How do I shuffle an array randomly?
- How do I process/modify each element of an array?
- How do I select a random element from an array?
- How do I permute N elements of a list?
- How do I sort an array by (anything)?
- How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
- Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
- Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
- How do I process an entire hash?
- What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?
- How do I look up a hash element by value?
- How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
- How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
- How can I always keep my hash sorted?
- What's the difference between delete and undef with hashes?
- Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
- How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
- How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
- How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
- How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
- Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?
- How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays?
- How can I use a reference as a hash key?
- Data: Misc
- How do I handle binary data correctly?
- How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?
- How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
- How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
- How do I define methods for every class/object?
- How do I verify a credit card checksum?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 1997/04/24 22:44:02 $)- DESCRIPTION
- How do I flush/unbuffer a filehandle? Why must I do this?
- How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
- How do I count the number of lines in a file?
- How do I make a temporary file name?
- How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
- How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?
- How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
- How can I write() into a string?
- How can I output my numbers with commas added?
- How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
- How come when I open the file read-write it wipes it out?
- Why do I sometimes get an Argument
- Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
- How can I open a file with a leading > or trailing blanks?
- How can I reliably rename a file?
- How can I lock a file?
- What can't I just open(FH, >file.lock)? 5
- I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?
- How do I randomly update a binary file?
- How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
- How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
- How do I print to more than one file at once?
- How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
- How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?
- How can I tell if there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
- How do I open a file without blocking?
- How do I create a file only if it doesn't exist?
- How do I do a tail -f in perl?
- How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
- How do I close a file descriptor by number?
- Why can't I use C:\temp\foo in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
- Why doesn't glob'*.*' get all the files?
- Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does -i clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?
- How do I select a random line from a file?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq6 - Regexps ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 1997/04/24 22:44:10 $)- DESCRIPTION
- How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code?
- Comments Outside the Regexp, Comments Inside the Regexp, DifferentDelimiters
- I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?
- How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines?
- I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?
- How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS, but preserving case on the RHS?
- How can I make \w match accented characters?
- How can I match a locale-smart version of /[a-zA-Z]/?
- How can I quote a variable to use in a regexp?
- What is /o really for?
- How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?
- Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
- What does it mean that regexps are greedy? How can I get around it?
- How do I process each word on each line?
- How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
- How can I do approximate matching?
- How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
- Why don't word-boundary searches with \b work for me?
- Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
- What good is \G in a regular expression?
- Are Perl regexps DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?
- What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?
- How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq7 - Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: 1997/04/24 22:44:14 $)- DESCRIPTION
- Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
- What are all these $@%* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them?
- Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas?
- How do I skip some return values?
- How do I temporarily block warnings?
- What's an extension?
- Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
- How do I declare/create a structure?
- How do I create a module?
- How do I create a class?
- How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
- What's a closure?
- What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
- How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regexp}?
- Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexps,Passing Methods
- How do I create a static variable?
- What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local() and my()?
- How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope?
- What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
- Why doesn't local($foo)
- How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
- What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
- How do I create a switch or case statement?
- How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?
- Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
- How can I find out my current package?
- How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.21 $, $Date: 1997/04/24 22:44:19 $)- DESCRIPTION
- How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
- How come exec() doesn't return?
- How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
- Keyboard, Screen, Mouse
- How do I ask the user for a password?
- How do I read and write the serial port?
- lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input
- How do I decode encrypted password files?
- How do I start a process in the background?
- STDIN, STDOUT and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies
- How do I trap control characters/signals?
- How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
- How do I set the time and date?
- How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
- How can I measure time under a second?
- How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)
- Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message Protocol
- How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
- Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
- Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
- How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
- Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
- How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
- Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
- What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
- How can I call backticks without shell processing?
- Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
- How can I convert my shell script to perl?
- Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
- How can I write expect in Perl?
- Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as ps?
- I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?
- Unix, VMS
- How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?
- How do I fork a daemon process?
- How do I make my program run with sh and csh?
- How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
- How do I timeout a slow event?
- How do I set CPU limits?
- How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
- How do I use an SQL database?
- How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
- How do I open a file without blocking?
- How do I install a CPAN module?
- How do I keep my own module/library directory?
- How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path?
- How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?
- How do I get one key from the terminal at a time, under POSIX?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.17 $, $Date: 1997/04/24 22:44:29 $)- DESCRIPTION
- My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. Can you help me fix it?
- How do I remove HTML from a string?
- How do I extract URLs?
- How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on another machine?
- How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
- How do I fetch an HTML file?
- how do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
- How do I redirect to another page?
- How do I put a password on my web pages?
- How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
- How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?
- How do I parse an email header?
- How do I decode a CGI form?
- How do I check a valid email address?
- How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
- How do I return the user's email address?
- How do I send/read mail?
- How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?
- How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
- How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
- How can I do RPC in Perl?
- AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
perldelta - what's new for perl5.004- DESCRIPTION
- Supported Environments
- Core Changes
- List assignment to %ENV works
- Can't
- Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
- $PERL5OPT environment variable
- Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
- More precise warnings
- Deprecated: Inherited AUTOLOAD for non-methods
- Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
- Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
- Group vector changeable with $)
- Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
- resetting of $. on implicit close
- wantarray may return undef
- Changes to tainting checks
- No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, Nospawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name
- New Opcode module and revised Safe module
- Embedding improvements
- Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
- Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
- New and changed syntax
- $coderef->(PARAMS)
- New and changed builtin constants
- __PACKAGE__
- New and changed builtin variables
- $^E, $^H, $^M
- New and changed builtin functions
- delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() inControl Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use ModuleVERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, m//gc does notreset search position on failure, m//x ignores whitespace before ?*+{},nested sub{} closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals
- New builtin methods
- isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )
- TIEHANDLE now supported
- TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ thisLIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this
- Malloc enhancements
- -DDEBUGGING_MSTATS, -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE
- Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
- Support for More Operating Systems
- Win32
- Plan 9
- QNX
- AmigaOS
- Pragmata
- use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib `dir', useconstant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish
- Modules
- Required Updates
- Installation directories
- Module information summary
- Fcntl
- IO
- Math::Complex
- Math::Trig
- DB_File
- Net::Ping
- Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
- Utility Changes
- pod2html
- Sends converted HTML to standard output
- xsubpp
- void XSUBs now default to returning nothing
- C Language API Changes
- gv_fetchmethod and perl_call_sv, perl_eval_pv, Extended API formanipulating hashes
- Documentation Changes
- the perldelta manpage, the perlfaq manpage, the perllocale manpage, the perltoot manpage, the perlapio manpage,the perlmodlib manpage, the perldebug manpage, the perlsec manpage
- New Diagnostics
- ``my'' variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument isnot a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation toolarge, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to freenonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr,Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %sref while ``strict refs'' in use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s'in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %sundefined, Copy method did not return a reference, Died, Exitingpseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long, Illegal character %s (carriagereturn), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s, Integer overflow in hex number,Integer overflow in octal number, internal error: glob failed, Invalidconversion in %s: ``%s'', Invalid type in pack: `%s', Invalid type in unpack:'%s', Name ``%s::%s'' used only once: possible typo, Null picture informline, Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory duringrequest for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw()list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s}better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method `%s'overloading `%s' in package `%s', Too late for ``-T'' option, untieattempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized character %s,Unsupported function fork, Use of ``$$<digit>'' to mean ``${$}<digit>'' isdeprecated, Value of %s can be ``0''; test with defined(), Variable ``%s'' maybe unavailable, Variable ``%s'' will not stay shared, Warning: something'swrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error fromDosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Processterminated by SIG%s
- BUGS
- SEE ALSO
- HISTORY
perldata - Perl data types- DESCRIPTION
- Variable names
- Context
- Scalar values
- Scalar value constructors
- List value constructors
- Typeglobs and Filehandles
perlsyn - Perl syntax- DESCRIPTION
- Declarations
- Simple statements
- Compound statements
- Loop Control
- For Loops
- Foreach Loops
- Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
- Goto
- PODs: Embedded Documentation
- Plain Old Comments (Not!)
perlop - Perl operators and precedence- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
- The Arrow Operator
- Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
- Exponentiation
- Symbolic Unary Operators
- Binding Operators
- Multiplicative Operators
- Additive Operators
- Shift Operators
- Named Unary Operators
- Relational Operators
- Equality Operators
- Bitwise And
- Bitwise and Exclusive Or
- C-style Logical And
- C-style Logical Or
- Range Operator
- Conditional Operator
- Assignment Operators
- Comma Operator
- List Operators (Rightward)
- Logical Not
- Logical And
- Logical or and Exclusive Or
- C Operators Missing From Perl
- unary &, unary *, (TYPE)
- Quote and Quote-like Operators
- Regexp Quote-Like Operators
- ?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/gimosx, /PATTERN/gimosx, q/STRING/, 'STRING',qq/STRING/, ``STRING'', qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/,s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds,y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
- I/O Operators
- Constant Folding
- Integer Arithmetic
- Floating-point Arithmetic
perlre - Perl regular expressions- DESCRIPTION
- i, m, s, x
- Regular Expressions
- (?#text), (?:regexp), (?=regexp), (?!regexp), (?imsx)
- Backtracking
- Version 8 Regular Expressions
- WARNING on \1 vs $1
- SEE ALSO
perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
- OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh
- Switches
- -0[digits], -a, -c, -d, -d:foo, -Dnumber,-Dlist, -e commandline, -Fpattern, -h,-i[extension], -Idirectory, -l[octnum],-m[-]module, -M[-]module, -M[-]'module ...',-[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n, -p, -P, -s, -S,-T, -u, -U, -v, -V, -V:name, -w, -x directory
- ENVIRONMENT
- HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL(specific to WIN32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
perlfunc - Perl builtin functions- DESCRIPTION
I<THERE IS NO GENERAL RULE FOR CONVERTING A LIST INTO A SCALAR!> - Perl Functions by Category
- Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching,Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data,Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixedlength data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories,Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords relatedto scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and processgroups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes andobject-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocesscommunication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching networkinfo, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoletedin perl5
- Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
- -X FILEHANDLE, -X EXPR, -X, abs VALUE, abs, acceptNEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME,binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller,chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp LIST, chomp, chop VARIABLE,chop LIST, chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot,close FILEHANDLE, closedir DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK,cos EXPR, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE,defined EXPR, defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, doSUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (),eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR,exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flockFILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE,getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriorityWHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbynameNAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbynameNAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE,getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent,gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent,sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setserventSTAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent,endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR,glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grepEXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, indexSTR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, joinEXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirstEXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listenSOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, log EXPR, log, lstatFILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdirFILENAME,MODE, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS,msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, my EXPR, next LABEL, next, no Module LIST,oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, opendirDIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, pipeREADHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLELIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT,LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/,qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, readFILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdirDIRHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LEN,FLAGS, redoLABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require EXPR, require,reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE,rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///,scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, selectFILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctlID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, sendSOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriorityWHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY,shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE,shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleepEXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpairSOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST,sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,splice ARRAY,OFFSET, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR,srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub BLOCK,sub NAME, sub NAME BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LEN, substr EXPR,OFFSET,symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysreadFILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseekFILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, syswriteFILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, tellFILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tiedVARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncateEXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undefEXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE,unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module LIST, use Module, use Module VERSION LIST,use VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpidPID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///
perlvar - Perl predefined variables- DESCRIPTION
- Predefined Names
- $ARG, $_, $<digit>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $',$LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, input_line_number HANDLEEXPR, $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, input_record_separator HANDLE EXPR,$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, autoflush HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH,$|, output_field_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,,output_record_separator HANDLE EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\,$LIST_SEPARATOR, $'', $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#,format_page_number HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%,format_lines_per_page HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=,format_lines_left HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, format_name HANDLEEXPR, $FORMAT_NAME, $~, format_top_name HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^,format_line_break_characters HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS,$:, format_formfeed HANDLE EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,$CHILD_ERROR, $?, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E,$EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<,$EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(,$EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $PERL_VERSION, $],$DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $OSNAME,$^O, $PERLDB, $^P, $BASETIME, $^T, $WARNING, $^W, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,$ARGV, @ARGV, @INC, %INC, $ENV{expr}, $SIG{expr}, $^M
perlsub - Perl subroutines- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- Private Variables via my()
- Temporary Values via local()
- Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
- Pass by Reference
- Prototypes
- Constant Functions
- Overriding Builtin Functions
- Autoloading
- SEE ALSO
perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)- DESCRIPTION
- Packages
- Symbol Tables
- Package Constructors and Destructors
- Perl Classes
- Perl Modules
- SEE ALSO
perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones- DESCRIPTION
- THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
- Pragmatic Modules
- use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), blib, diagnostics, integer, less,lib, locale, ops, overload, sigtrap, strict, subs, vmsish, vars
- Standard Modules
- AnyDBM_File, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, Benchmark, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime,CPAN::Nox, Carp, Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber,DirHandle, DynaLoader, English, Env, Exporter, ExtUtils::Embed,ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_Unix,ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest,ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::testlib, Fcntl,File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::Find,File::Path, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, FindBin, GDBM_File,Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, I18N::Collate, IO, IO::File, IO::Handle,IO::Pipe, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3,Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, NDBM_File,Net::Ping, Net::hostent, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, Opcode,Pod::Text, POSIX, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader,Shell, Socket, Symbol, Sys::Hostname, Sys::Syslog, Term::Cap,Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test::Harness, Text::Abbrev,Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Tie::Hash,Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime,
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