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ExtUtils::MM_Unix

Section: Perl Programmers Reference Guide (3pm)
Updated: 2001-09-21
Index

NAME

ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

"require ExtUtils::MM_Unix;"

DESCRIPTION

The methods provided by this package are designed to be used inconjunction with ExtUtils::MakeMaker. When MakeMaker writes aMakefile, it creates one or more objects that inherit their methodsfrom a package "MM". MM itself doesn't provide any methods, but itISA ExtUtils::MM_Unix class. The inheritance tree of MM lets operatingspecific packages take the responsibility for all the methods providedby MM_Unix. We are trying to reduce the number of the necessaryoverrides by defining rather primitive operations withinExtUtils::MM_Unix.

If you are going to write a platform specific MM package, please tryto limit the necessary overrides to primitive methods, and if it is notpossible to do so, let's work out how to achieve that gain.

If you are overriding any of these methods in your Makefile.PL (in theMY class), please report that to the makemaker mailing list. We aretrying to minimize the necessary method overrides and switch to datadriven Makefile.PLs wherever possible. In the long run less methodswill be overridable via the MY class.

METHODS

The following description of methods is still underdevelopment. Please refer to the code for not suitably documentedsections and complain loudly to the makemakerAATTperl.org mailing list.Better yet, provide a patch.

Not all of the methods below are overridable in aMakefile.PL. Overridable methods are marked as (o). All methods areoverridable by a platform specific MM_*.pm file.

Cross-platform methods are being moved into MM_Any. If you can't findsomething that used to be in here, look in MM_Any.

Methods

os_flavor

Simply says that we're Unix.

c_o (o)

Defines the suffix rules to compile different flavors of C files toobject files.

cflags (o)

Does very much the same as the cflags script in the perldistribution. It doesn't return the whole compiler command line, butinitializes all of its parts. The const_cccmd method then actuallyreturns the definition of the CCCMD macro which uses these parts.

const_cccmd (o)

Returns the full compiler call for C programs and stores thedefinition in CONST_CCCMD.

const_config (o)

Defines a couple of constants in the Makefile that are imported from%Config.

const_loadlibs (o)

Defines EXTRALIBS, LDLOADLIBS, BSLOADLIBS, LD_RUN_PATH. SeeExtUtils::Liblist for details.

constants (o)

  my $make_frag = $mm->constants;

Prints out macros for lots of constants.

depend (o)

Same as macro for the depend attribute.

init_DEST

  $mm->init_DEST

Defines the DESTDIR and DEST* variables paralleling the INSTALL*.

init_dist

  $mm->init_dist;

Defines a lot of macros for distribution support.

  macro         description                     default

  TAR           tar command to use              tar  TARFLAGS      flags to pass to TAR            cvf

  ZIP           zip command to use              zip  ZIPFLAGS      flags to pass to ZIP            -r

  COMPRESS      compression command to          gzip --best                use for tarfiles  SUFFIX        suffix to put on                .gz                 compressed files

  SHAR          shar command to use             shar

  PREOP         extra commands to run before                making the archive   POSTOP        extra commands to run after                making the archive

  TO_UNIX       a command to convert linefeeds                to Unix style in your archive

  CI            command to checkin your         ci -u                sources to version control  RCS_LABEL     command to label your sources   rcs -Nv$(VERSION_SYM): -q                just after CI is run

  DIST_CP       $how argument to manicopy()     best                when the distdir is created

  DIST_DEFAULT  default target to use to        tardist                create a distribution

  DISTVNAME     name of the resulting archive   $(DISTNAME)-$(VERSION)                (minus suffixes)

dist (o)

  my $dist_macros = $mm->dist(%overrides);

Generates a make fragment defining all the macros initialized ininit_dist.

%overrides can be used to override any of the above.

dist_basics (o)

Defines the targets distclean, distcheck, skipcheck, manifest, veryclean.

dist_ci (o)

Defines a check in target for RCS.

dist_core (o)

  my $dist_make_fragment = $MM->dist_core;

Puts the targets necessary for 'make dist' together into one makefragment.

dist_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->dist_target;

Returns the 'dist' target to make an archive for distribution. Thistarget simply checks to make sure the Makefile is up-to-date anddepends on $(DIST_DEFAULT).

tardist_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->tardist_target;

Returns the 'tardist' target which is simply so 'make tardist' works.The real work is done by the dynamically named tardistfile_target()method, tardist should have that as a dependency.

zipdist_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->zipdist_target;

Returns the 'zipdist' target which is simply so 'make zipdist' works.The real work is done by the dynamically named zipdistfile_target()method, zipdist should have that as a dependency.

tarfile_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->tarfile_target;

The name of this target is the name of the tarball generated bytardist. This target does the actual work of turning the distdir intoa tarball.

zipfile_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->zipfile_target;

The name of this target is the name of the zip file generated byzipdist. This target does the actual work of turning the distdir intoa zip file.

uutardist_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->uutardist_target;

Converts the tarfile into a uuencoded file

shdist_target

  my $make_frag = $MM->shdist_target;

Converts the distdir into a shell archive.

dlsyms (o)

Used by some OS' to define DL_FUNCS and DL_VARS and write the *.exp files.

Normally just returns an empty string.

dynamic_bs (o)

Defines targets for bootstrap files.

dynamic_lib (o)

Defines how to produce the *.so (or equivalent) files.

exescan

Deprecated method. Use libscan instead.

extliblist

Called by init_others, and calls ext ExtUtils::Liblist. SeeExtUtils::Liblist for details.

find_perl

Finds the executables PERL and FULLPERL

fixin

  $mm->fixin(@files);

Inserts the sharpbang or equivalent magic number to a set of @files.

force (o)

Writes an empty FORCE: target.

guess_name

Guess the name of this package by examining the working directory'sname. MakeMaker calls this only if the developer has not supplied aNAME attribute.

has_link_code

Returns true if C, XS, MYEXTLIB or similar objects exist within thisobject that need a compiler. Does not descend into subdirectories asneeds_linking() does.

init_dirscan

Scans the directory structure and initializes DIR, XS, XS_FILES, PM,C, C_FILES, O_FILES, H, H_FILES, PL_FILES, MAN*PODS, EXE_FILES.

Called by init_main.

init_DIRFILESEP

Using / for Unix. Called by init_main.

init_main

Initializes AR, AR_STATIC_ARGS, BASEEXT, CONFIG, DISTNAME, DLBASE,EXE_EXT, FULLEXT, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, INST_*,INSTALL*, INSTALLDIRS, LIB_EXT, LIBPERL_A, MAP_TARGET, NAME,OBJ_EXT, PARENT_NAME, PERL, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_INC, PERL_LIB,PERL_SRC, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PREFIX, VERSION,VERSION_SYM, XS_VERSION.

init_others

Initializes EXTRALIBS, BSLOADLIBS, LDLOADLIBS, LIBS, LD_RUN_PATH, LD,OBJECT, BOOTDEP, PERLMAINCC, LDFROM, LINKTYPE, SHELL, NOOP,FIRST_MAKEFILE, MAKEFILE_OLD, NOECHO, RM_F, RM_RF, TEST_F,TOUCH, CP, MV, CHMOD, UMASK_NULL, ECHO, ECHO_N

init_linker

Unix has no need of special linker flags.

init_PERL

    $mm->init_PERL;

Called by init_main. Sets up ABSPERL, PERL, FULLPERL and all the*PERLRUN* permutations.

    PERL is allowed to be miniperl    FULLPERL must be a complete perl

    ABSPERL is PERL converted to an absolute path

    *PERLRUN contains everything necessary to run perl, find it's         libraries, etc...

    *PERLRUNINST is *PERLRUN + everything necessary to find the         modules being built.

init_platform

platform_constants

Add MM_Unix_VERSION.

init_PERM

  $mm->init_PERM

Called by init_main. Initializes PERL_*

init_xs

    $mm->init_xs

Sets up macros having to do with XS code. Currently just INST_STATIC,INST_DYNAMIC and INST_BOOT.

install (o)

Defines the install target.

installbin (o)

Defines targets to make and to install EXE_FILES.

linkext (o)

Defines the linkext target which in turn defines the LINKTYPE.

lsdir

Takes as arguments a directory name and a regular expression. Returnsall entries in the directory that match the regular expression.

macro (o)

Simple subroutine to insert the macros defined by the macro attributeinto the Makefile.

makeaperl (o)

Called by staticmake. Defines how to write the Makefile to produce astatic new perl.

By default the Makefile produced includes all the static extensions inthe perl library. (Purified versions of library files, e.g.,DynaLoader_pure_p1_c0_032.a are automatically ignored to avoid link errors.)

makefile (o)

Defines how to rewrite the Makefile.

maybe_command

Returns true, if the argument is likely to be a command.

needs_linking (o)

Does this module need linking? Looks into subdirectory objects (seealso has_link_code())

nicetext

misnamed method (will have to be changed). The MM_Unix method justreturns the argument without further processing.

On VMS used to insure that colons marking targets are preceded byspace - most Unix Makes don't need this, but it's necessary under VMSto distinguish the target delimiter from a colon appearing as part ofa filespec.

parse_abstract

parse a file and return what you think is the ABSTRACT

parse_version

parse a file and return what you think is $VERSION in this file set to.It will return the string ``undef'' if it can't figure out what $VERSIONis. $VERSION should be for all to see, so our $VERSION or plain $VERSIONare okay, but my $VERSION is not.

pasthru (o)

Defines the string that is passed to recursive make calls insubdirectories.

perl_script

Takes one argument, a file name, and returns the file name, if theargument is likely to be a perl script. On MM_Unix this is true forany ordinary, readable file.

perldepend (o)

Defines the dependency from all *.h files that come with the perldistribution.

perm_rw (o)

Returns the attribute "PERM_RW" or the string 644.Used as the string that is passedto the "chmod" command to set the permissions for read/writeable files.MakeMaker chooses 644 because it has turned out in the past thatrelying on the umask provokes hard-to-track bug reports.When the return value is used by the perl function "chmod", it isinterpreted as an octal value.

perm_rwx (o)

Returns the attribute "PERM_RWX" or the string 755,i.e. the string that is passedto the "chmod" command to set the permissions for executable files.See also perl_rw.

pm_to_blib

Defines target that copies all files in the hash PM to theirdestination and autosplits them. See ``DESCRIPTION'' in ExtUtils::Install

post_constants (o)

Returns an empty string per default. Dedicated to overrides fromwithin Makefile.PL after all constants have been defined.

post_initialize (o)

Returns an empty string per default. Used in Makefile.PLs to add somechunk of text to the Makefile after the object is initialized.

postamble (o)

Returns an empty string. Can be used in Makefile.PLs to write sometext to the Makefile at the end.

ppd

Defines target that creates a PPD (Perl Package Description) filefor a binary distribution.

prefixify

  $MM->prefixify($var, $prefix, $new_prefix, $default);

Using either $MM->{uc $var} || $Config{lc $var}, it will attempt toreplace it's $prefix with a $new_prefix.

Should the $prefix fail to match AND a PREFIX was given as anargument to WriteMakefile() it will set it to the $new_prefix +$default. This is for systems whose file layouts don't neatly fit intoour ideas of prefixes.

This is for heuristics which attempt to create directory structuresthat mirror those of the installed perl.

For example:

    $MM->prefixify('installman1dir', '/usr', '/home/foo', 'man/man1');

this will attempt to remove '/usr' from the front of the$MM->{INSTALLMAN1DIR} path (initializing it to $Config{installman1dir}if necessary) and replace it with '/home/foo'. If this fails it willsimply use '/home/foo/man/man1'.

processPL (o)

Defines targets to run *.PL files.

quote_paren

Backslashes parentheses "()" in command line arguments.Doesn't handle recursive Makefile "$(...)" constructs,but handles simple ones.

replace_manpage_separator

  my $man_name = $MM->replace_manpage_separator($file_path);

Takes the name of a package, which may be a nested package, in theform 'Foo/Bar.pm' and replaces the slash with "::" or something elsesafe for a man page file name. Returns the replacement.

cd

oneliner

quote_literal

escape_newlines

max_exec_len

Using POSIX::ARG_MAX. Otherwise falling back to 4096.

static (o)

Defines the static target.

static_lib (o)

Defines how to produce the *.a (or equivalent) files.

staticmake (o)

Calls makeaperl.

subdir_x (o)

Helper subroutine for subdirs

subdirs (o)

Defines targets to process subdirectories.

test (o)

Defines the test targets.

test_via_harness (override)

For some reason which I forget, Unix machines like to havePERL_DL_NONLAZY set for tests.

test_via_script (override)

Again, the PERL_DL_NONLAZY thing.

tools_other (o)

    my $make_frag = $MM->tools_other;

Returns a make fragment containing definitions for the macros init_others() initializes.

tool_xsubpp (o)

Determines typemaps, xsubpp version, prototype behaviour.

all_target

Build man pages, too

top_targets (o)

Defines the targets all, subdirs, config, and O_FILES

writedoc

Obsolete, deprecated method. Not used since Version 5.21.

xs_c (o)

Defines the suffix rules to compile XS files to C.

xs_cpp (o)

Defines the suffix rules to compile XS files to C++.

xs_o (o)

Defines suffix rules to go from XS to object files directly. This isonly intended for broken make implementations.

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