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CGEGV

Section: LAPACK driver routine (version 3.2) (1)
Updated: April 2011
Index

NAME

LAPACK-3 - routine i deprecated and has been replaced by routine CGGEV

SYNOPSIS

SUBROUTINE CGEGV(: JOBVL, JOBVR, N, A, LDA, B, LDB, ALPHA, BETA,VL, LDVL, VR, LDVR, WORK, LWORK, RWORK, INFO )
: CHARACTERJOBVL, JOBVR
: INTEGERINFO, LDA, LDB, LDVL, LDVR, LWORK, N
: REALRWORK( * )
: COMPLEXA( LDA, * ), ALPHA( * ), B( LDB, * ),BETA( * ), VL( LDVL, * ), VR( LDVR, * ),WORK( * )

PURPOSE

This routine is deprecated and has been replaced by routine CGGEV.
CGEGV computes the eigenvalues and, optionally, the left and/or right
eigenvectors of a complex matrix pair (A,B).

Given two square matrices A and B,

the generalized nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem (GNEP) is to find the
eigenvalues lambda and corresponding (non-zero) eigenvectors x such
that

    A*x = lambda*B*x.

An alternate form is to find the eigenvalues mu and corresponding
eigenvectors y such that

    mu*A*y = B*y.

These two forms are equivalent with mu = 1/lambda and x = y if
neither lambda nor mu is zero.  In order to deal with the case that
lambda or mu is zero or small, two values alpha and beta are returned
for each eigenvalue, such that lambda = alpha/beta and

mu = beta/alpha.

The vectors x and y in the above equations are right eigenvectors of
the matrix pair (A,B).  Vectors u and v satisfying

    u**H*A = lambda*u**H*B  or  mu*v**H*A = v**H*B

are left eigenvectors of (A,B).

Note: this routine performs "full balancing" on A and B -- see
"Further Details", below.

ARGUMENTS

JOBVL (input) CHARACTER*1: = aqNaq: do not compute the left generalized eigenvectors;

= aqVaq: compute the left generalized eigenvectors (returned
in VL).
JOBVR (input) CHARACTER*1: = aqNaq: do not compute the right generalized eigenvectors;

= aqVaq: compute the right generalized eigenvectors (returned
in VR).
N (input) INTEGER: The order of the matrices A, B, VL, and VR. N >= 0.
A (input/output) COMPLEX array, dimension (LDA, N): On entry, the matrix A.
If JOBVL = aqVaq or JOBVR = aqVaq, then on exit A
contains the Schur form of A from the generalized Schur
factorization of the pair (A,B) after balancing. If no
eigenvectors were computed, then only the diagonal elements
of the Schur form will be correct. See CGGHRD and CHGEQZ
for details.
LDA (input) INTEGER: The leading dimension of A. LDA >= max(1,N).
B (input/output) COMPLEX array, dimension (LDB, N): On entry, the matrix B.
If JOBVL = aqVaq or JOBVR = aqVaq, then on exit B contains the
upper triangular matrix obtained from B in the generalized
Schur factorization of the pair (A,B) after balancing.
If no eigenvectors were computed, then only the diagonal
elements of B will be correct. See CGGHRD and CHGEQZ for
details.
LDB (input) INTEGER: The leading dimension of B. LDB >= max(1,N).
ALPHA (output) COMPLEX array, dimension (N): The complex scalars alpha that define the eigenvalues of
GNEP.
BETA (output) COMPLEX array, dimension (N): The complex scalars beta that define the eigenvalues of GNEP.
Together, the quantities alpha = ALPHA(j) and beta = BETA(j)
represent the j-th eigenvalue of the matrix pair (A,B), in
one of the forms lambda = alpha/beta or mu = beta/alpha.
Since either lambda or mu may overflow, they should not,
in general, be computed.
VL (output) COMPLEX array, dimension (LDVL,N): If JOBVL = aqVaq, the left eigenvectors u(j) are stored
in the columns of VL, in the same order as their eigenvalues.
Each eigenvector is scaled so that its largest component has
abs(real part) + abs(imag. part) = 1, except for eigenvectors
corresponding to an eigenvalue with alpha = beta = 0, which
are set to zero.
Not referenced if JOBVL = aqNaq.
LDVL (input) INTEGER: The leading dimension of the matrix VL. LDVL >= 1, and
if JOBVL = aqVaq, LDVL >= N.
VR (output) COMPLEX array, dimension (LDVR,N): If JOBVR = aqVaq, the right eigenvectors x(j) are stored
in the columns of VR, in the same order as their eigenvalues.
Each eigenvector is scaled so that its largest component has
abs(real part) + abs(imag. part) = 1, except for eigenvectors
corresponding to an eigenvalue with alpha = beta = 0, which
are set to zero.
Not referenced if JOBVR = aqNaq.
LDVR (input) INTEGER: The leading dimension of the matrix VR. LDVR >= 1, and
if JOBVR = aqVaq, LDVR >= N.
WORK (workspace/output) COMPLEX array, dimension (MAX(1,LWORK)): On exit, if INFO = 0, WORK(1) returns the optimal LWORK.
LWORK (input) INTEGER: The dimension of the array WORK.  LWORK >= max(1,2*N).
For good performance, LWORK must generally be larger.
To compute the optimal value of LWORK, call ILAENV to get
blocksizes (for CGEQRF, CUNMQR, and CUNGQR.)  Then compute:
NB  -- MAX of the blocksizes for CGEQRF, CUNMQR, and CUNGQR;
The optimal LWORK is  MAX( 2*N, N*(NB+1) ).
If LWORK = -1, then a workspace query is assumed; the routine
only calculates the optimal size of the WORK array, returns
this value as the first entry of the WORK array, and no error
message related to LWORK is issued by XERBLA.
RWORK (workspace/output) REAL array, dimension (8*N)
INFO (output) INTEGER: = 0:  successful exit

< 0:  if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value.

=1,...,N:
The QZ iteration failed.  No eigenvectors have been
calculated, but ALPHA(j) and BETA(j) should be
correct for j=INFO+1,...,N.
> N:  errors that usually indicate LAPACK problems:

=N+1: error return from CGGBAL

=N+2: error return from CGEQRF

=N+3: error return from CUNMQR

=N+4: error return from CUNGQR

=N+5: error return from CGGHRD

=N+6: error return from CHGEQZ (other than failed
iteration)
=N+7: error return from CTGEVC

=N+8: error return from CGGBAK (computing VL)

=N+9: error return from CGGBAK (computing VR)

=N+10: error return from CLASCL (various calls)

FURTHER DETAILS

Balancing

---------

This driver calls CGGBAL to both permute and scale rows and columns
of A and B.  The permutations PL and PR are chosen so that PL*A*PR
and PL*B*R will be upper triangular except for the diagonal blocks
A(i:j,i:j) and B(i:j,i:j), with i and j as close together as
possible.  The diagonal scaling matrices DL and DR are chosen so
that the pair  DL*PL*A*PR*DR, DL*PL*B*PR*DR have elements close to
one (except for the elements that start out zero.)

After the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the balanced matrices
have been computed, CGGBAK transforms the eigenvectors back to what
they would have been (in perfect arithmetic) if they had not been
balanced.

Contents of A and B on Exit

-------- -- - --- - -- ----

If any eigenvectors are computed (either JOBVL=aqVaq or JOBVR=aqVaq or
both), then on exit the arrays A and B will contain the complex Schur
form[*] of the "balanced" versions of A and B.  If no eigenvectors
are computed, then only the diagonal blocks will be correct.
[*] In other words, upper triangular form.

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