MAN page from OpenSuSE cdrdao-1.2.5-bp160.1.1.x86_64.rpm

CDRDAO

Section: User Commands (1)
Updated: Jan 18, 2006
Index

NAME

cdrdao - reads and writes CDs in disc-at-once mode

SYNOPSIS

cdrdao{show-toc|toc-info|toc-size|read-toc|read-cd|read-cddb|show-data|read-test|disk-info|discid|msinfo|drive-info|unlock|scanbus|simulate|write|copy|blank}[--devicedevice][--source-devicedevice][--driverdriver-id][--source-driverdriver-id][--simulate][--speedwriting-speed][--blank-modemode][--datafilefile][--read-raw][--read-subchan[--no-mode2-mixed]mode][--tao-source][--tao-source-adjustlink-blocks][--fast-toc][--buffersbuffer-count][--multi][--overburn][--eject][--swap][--session][--force][--reload][--keepimage][--on-the-fly][--paranoia-modemode][--with-cddb][--cddb-serversserver-list][--cddb-timeouttimeout][--cddb-directorydirectory][--tmpdirdirectory][--keep][--save][-n][-vverbose-level]toc-file

DESCRIPTION

cdrdaocreates audio and data CD-Rs in disk-at-once (DAO) mode driven by a descriptionfile calledtoc-file.In DAO mode it is possible to create non standard track pre-gaps thathave other lengths than 2 seconds and contain nonzero audiodata. This is for example useful to divide live recordings intotracks where 2 second gaps would be kind of irritating.

Instead of atoc-filea cue file (used by a famous DOS/Windows mastering tool) may be used. Seethe CUE FILES section for more details.

COMMANDS

The first argument must be one of the following commands:

show-toc

Print out a summary about what will be written to the CD-R.

toc-info

Prints out short toc-file summary.

toc-size

Prints total number of blocks for toc.

read-toc

Analyze each track of the inserted CD and create atoc-filethat can be used to make a more or less exact copy of the CD. This command does not read out the audio or data tracks,useread-cdfor this purpose.

You can specify a filename for the data file via the--datafileoption.

read-cd

Copies all tracks of the inserted CD to an image file and creates a correspondingtoc-file.The name of the image file defaults to "data.bin" if no--datafileoption is given.

read-cddb

Tries to retrieve title and artist data from a CDDB server for the CDrepresented by the given toc-file. The retrieved data is added as CD-TEXTdata for language 0 to the toc-file. Existing CD-TEXT data for language 0 willbe overwritten.

show-data

Print out all samples that would be written to the CD-R. Each linecontains the sample number (starting at 0) and the decimal samplevalue for the left and right channel. Useful to check if the byteorder of audio files is correct.

read-test

Check if all data can be read from the audio files that are defined inthetoc-file.This will also check the communication with the slave process that isresponsible for writing the audio data to the CD-recorder. Mainly usedfor testing.

disk-info

Shows information about the inserted CD-R. If the CD-R has an open sessionit will also print the start of the last and current session which isused by mkisofs to create an image for a second or higher session.

discid

Prints out CDDB information.

msinfo

Shows information required for creating multi session disks withmkisofs. The output is meant for processing by scripts.

drive-info

Shows drive information.

unlock

Tries to unlock the recorder device after a failed write or simulationrun. If you cannot eject the CD after a cdrdao run try this command.

blank

Blanks a CD-RW. The CD-RW is minimally blanked by default. Use option--blank-modeto select another blanking mode.Sometimes the blanking speed must be manually reduced for a successfulblanking operation. Use option--speedto select another blanking speed.

scanbus

Scan for devices.

simulate

Likewritebut laser stays cold. It is a shortcut forwrite --simulate.

write

Write the CD-R according to the specifications in thetoc-file.

copy

Performs all steps to copy a CD. The device containing the source CD mustbe specified with option--source-deviceand the recorder device with option--device.If only a single device is available the option--source-devicemust be omitted and cdrdao will prompt to insert the CD-R after an imageof the source CD was created.

The image file with name "cddata<pid>.bin" will be created in the currentworking directory if no--datafileoption is given. The created image will be removed after it has beenwritten.

If option--on-the-flyis given no image file is created and the data will be directly piped fromthe reading device to the CD recorder.

OPTIONS

--device [prot:]bus,id,lun

Sets the SCSI address of the CD-recorder in form of a bus/id/luntriple, e.g. '0,2,0' for the logical unit 0 of SCSI device with ID 2on bus 0. ATAPI devices can be specified by using the prefix 'ATAPI:',e.g. 'ATAPI:0,0,0'. On some systems a device node may be specifieddirectly, e.g. '/dev/sg0' on Linux systems. Linux 2.6 users may alsotry the newer ATAPI interface with the 'ATA:' prefix.

--source-device [prot:]bus,id,lun

Like above but used for thecopycommand to specify the source device.

--driver driver-id:option-flags

Force usage of specified driver instead of the automaticallydetermined driver. Available driver IDs:
cdd2600, plextor, plextor-scan, generic-mmc, generic-mmc-raw,ricoh-mp6200, yamaha-cdr10x, teac-cdr55, sony-cdu920, sony-cdu948,taiyo-yuden, toshiba.
Specifying an illegal driver ID will give a list of available drivers.Option flags may be used to modify the behavior of some drivers. SeeREADMEfor details.

--source-driver driver-id:option-flags

Like above but used for the device specified with option--source-device.

--speed value

Set the writing speed tovalue.Default is the highest possible speed.

--blank-mode mode

Sets the blanking mode. Available modes arefullandminimal.Please consider that the data of minimally blanked disks may be easilyrecovered. Use thefullblanking mode for completely erasing all data. The default blanking modeisminimal.

--datafile file

Used forread-toc, read-cdandcopy.Set the default data file placed in the toc-file byread-toc.Use "-" to indicate STDIN.For commandsread-cdandcopyit specifies the name of the created image file.

--read-raw

Only used for commandsread-cdandread-toc.All data sectors will be written as 2352 byte blocks including the sectorheader and L-EC data to the image file. The track mode will be set toMODE1_RAW or MODE2_RAW in the createdtoc-file.

--read-subchan mode

Used by commandsread-cd,read-tocandcopy.Specifies the type of sub-channel data that is extracted from the source CDand written to the track image or copied to the destination CD.Mode may berwfor reading packed R-W sub-channel data (de-interleaved and errorcorrected)andrw_rawfor reading raw R-W sub-channel data (not de-interleaved, not errorcorrected, L-EC data included in the track image).If this option is not specified no sub-channel data will be extracted.

--no-mode2-mixed

Only used for commandsread-cdandread-toc.If we have MODE2_FORM1 or MODE2_FORM2, don't extract it as MODE2_FORM_MIX.toc-file.

--tao-source

This option indicates to the commandsread-tocandread-cdthat the source CD was written in TAO mode. It will be assumed that thepre-gap length between all tracks (except between two audio tracks) isthe standard 150 blocks plus the number of link blocks (usually 2). Thenumber of link blocks can be controlled with option--tao-source-adjust.

Use this option only if read-tocorread-cdgive error messages in the transition areas between two tracks. If you usethis option with pressed CDs or CDs written in DAO mode you will get wrongresults.

--tao-source-adjust link-blocks

Specifies the number of link blocks for tracks written in TAO mode. Thisoption has only an effect if option--tao-sourceis given.

--fast-toc

Only used for commandread-toc.This option suppresses the pre-gap length and index mark extractionwhichspeeds up the read-toc process. Standard 2 second pre-gaps (but nosilence!) will be placed into the toc-file. The resulting CD willsound like the source CD. Only the CD player's display will behaveslightly different in the transition area between two tracks.

This option might help, too, if read-toc fails with your drive otherwise.

--buffers buffer-count

Specifies the number of buffers that are allocated to avoid buffer under runs.The minimal buffer count is fixed to 10, default is 32 excepton FreeBSD systems, on which default is 20.Each buffer holds 1 second of audio data so that dividingbuffer-countby the writing speed gives the maximum time for which reading of audio datamay be stalled.

--multi

If this option is given the session will not be closed after the audio datais successfully written. It is possible to append another session on suchdisks, e.g. to create a CD-EXTRA.

--overburn

By default cdrdao will not allow one to write more data on a medium thanspecified by the current medium. This option allows to ignore this condition.

--eject

Eject the CD-R after writing or write simulation.

--swap

Swap the byte order of all samples that are send to the CD-recorder.

--session session-nr

Used forread-tocandread-cdto specify the session which should be processed on multi session CDs.

--reload

Indicates that the tray may be opened before writing without promptingthe user to reset the disk status after a simulation run.

--force

Forces the execution of an operation that otherwise would not beperformed.

--paranoia-mode mode

Sets the correction mode for digital audio extraction. 0: No checking,data is copied directly from the drive. 1: Perform overlapped readingto avoid jitter. 2: Like 1 but with additional checks of the readaudio data. 3: Like 2 but with additional scratch detection andrepair.

The extraction speed reduces from 0 to 3.

Default is the full paranoia mode (3).

--keepimage

If a CD is copied with commandcopythis option will cause that the created image is not removed after thecopy process has finished.

--on-the-fly

Perform CD copy on the fly without creating an image file.

--with-cddb

Enables the automatic fetching of CDDB data for use as CD-TEXT data forcommandscopy,read-tocandread-cd.

--cddb-servers server-list

Sets space or ',' separated list of CDDB servers used for commandread-cddbor for commands where the--with-cddboption is active.A server entry may have the following forms:

<server>

Connect to <server>, default cddbp port (888), use cddbp protocol.

<server>:<port>

Connect to <server>, port <port>, use cddbp protocol.

<server>:<cgi-bin-path>

Connect to <server>, default http port (80), use http protocol,url: <cgi-bin-path>.

<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>

Connect to <server>, port <port>, use http protocol, url: <cgi-bin-path>.

<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>:<proxy-server>

Connect to <proxy-server>, default http port (80), use http protocol,url: http://<server>:<port>/<cgi-bin-path>.

<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>:<proxy-server>:<proxy-port>

Connect to <proxy-server>, port <proxy-port>, use http protocol,url: http://<server>:<port>/<cgi-bin-path>.

The <cgi-bin-path> is usually "/~cddb/cddb.cgi".

All servers of the server list will be tried in the given order until asuccessful connection can be established. For http proxy serversthe first successful connected http proxy server will be used independent ofthe ability to connect to the target http server.

Example: freedb.freedb.org:/~cddb/cddb.cgi

--cddb-timeout timeout

Sets the timeout in seconds used for connections to CDDB servers.

--cddb-directory directory

Specifies the local CDDB database directory where fetched CDDB records willbe stored. If this option is not given a fetched CDDB record will not be storedlocally.

--tmpdir directory

Specifies the directory in which to store temporary data files created from decoding MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files. By default, "/tmp" is used.

--keep

Upon exit from cdrdao, do not delete temporary WAV files created from MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files.

--save

Saves some of the current options to the settings file"$HOME/.cdrdao" and exit. See section 'SETTINGS' for more details.

-n

Suppresses the 10 second pause before writing or simulating.

-v verbose-level

Sets verbose level. Levels > 2 are debug levels which produce a lot ofoutput.

TOC FILES

Thetoc-filedescribes what data is written to the CD-R and allows controlover track/index positions, pre-gaps and sub-channel information. Itis a simple text file, use your favorite text editor to create it.

Atoc-filecontains an optional header and a sequence of trackspecifications. Comments starting with '//' reaching until end of line can beplaced anywhere.

Header

CATALOG ddddddddddddd: Specifies the optional catalog number of the CD. The string mustcontain exactly 13 digits.

The following flags specify the type of session that will be created. Itis used to create the correct CD-TOC format and to check the consistency ofthe track modes for the desired session type. If multiple flags are giventhe last one will take effect.

CD_DA: The disc contains only audio tracks.
CD_ROM: The disc contains just mode 1 tracks or mode 1 and audio tracks (mixedmode CD).
CD_ROM_XA: The disc contains mode 2 form 1 or mode 2 form 2 tracks. Audio tracksare allowed, too. This type must be used if multi session disks arecreated (option --multi).
CD_TEXT { ... }: Defines global CD-TEXT data like the album title and the used languages.See the CD-TEXT section below for the syntax of the CD-TEXT block contents.

Track Specification

TRACK <track-mode> [<sub-channel-mode>]: Starts a new track, the track number is incremented by 1. The lengthof a track must be at least 4 seconds. The block length of the inputdata depends on the <track-mode>: AUDIO: 2352 bytes (588 samples),MODE1: 2048 bytes, MODE1_RAW: 2352 bytes, MODE2: 2336 bytes,MODE2_FORM1: 2048 bytes, MODE2_FORM2: 2324 bytes, MODE2_FORM_MIX: 2336 bytesincluding the sub-header, MODE2_RAW: 2352 bytes.The <sub-channel-mode> is optional. If given it specifies the type ofsub-channel data for each sector. RW: packed R-W sub-channel data (96bytes, L-EC data will be generated if required), RW_RAW: raw R-Wsub-channel data (interleaved and L-EC data already calculated, 96bytes). The block length is increased by the sub-channel data lengthif a <sub-channel-mode> is specified.If the input data length is not a multiple of the block length itwill be padded with zeros.

The following flags may follow the track start statement. They areused to set sub-channel information for the current track. Each flagis optional. If not given the following defaults are used: copy notpermitted, no pre emphasis, two channel audio, no ISRC code.

[ NO ] COPY: Sets or clears the copy permitted flag.
[ NO ] PRE_EMPHASIS: Sets or clears the pre emphasis flag (only for audio tracks).
TWO_CHANNEL_AUDIO: Indicates that track contains two channel audio data (only for audio tracks).
FOUR_CHANNEL_AUDIO: Indicates that track contains four channel audio data (only for audio tracks).
ISRC CCOOOYYSSSSS: Sets ISRC code of track (only for audio tracks).
C: country code (upper case letters or digits)
O: owner code (upper case letters or digits)
Y: year (digits)
S: serial number (digits)

An optional CD-TEXT block that defines the CD-TEXT data for this trackmay follow. See the CD-TEXT section below for the syntax of the CD-TEXTblock contents.

CD_TEXT { ... }

At least one of the following statements must appear to specify thedata for the current track. Lengths and start positions may beexpressed in samples (1/44100 seconds) for audio tracks or in bytesfor data tracks. It is also possible to give the length in blockswith the MSF format 'MM:SS:FF' specifying minutes, seconds and frames(0 <= 'FF' < 75) . A frame equals one block.

If more than one statement is used the track will be composed byconcatenating the data in the specified order.

SILENCE <length>

Adds zero audio data of specified length to the current audio track. Useful to create silent pre-gaps.

ZERO <length>

Adds zero data to data tracks. Must be used todefine pre- or post-gaps between tracks of different mode.

[ FILE | AUDIOFILE ] <filename> <start> [ <length> ]

Adds the audio data of specified file to the current audio track. Itis possible to select a portion of an audio file with <start> and<length> which allows non destructive cutting. The first sample of anaudio file is addressed with <start> = 0. If <length> is omitted orset to 0 all audio data from <start> until the end of file is used.

Audio files may have raw or WAVE format with 16 bits per sample, 44.1kHz sampling rate, stereo. Raw files must have the layout 'MSBLeftLSBLeft MSBRight LSBRight ...' (big endian byte order). WAVE files areexpected to have little endian byte order. The option --swap reversesthe expected byte order for all raw and WAVE files. Only filenameswith a ".wav" ending are treated as WAVE files, all other names areassumed to be raw audio files. Use tools like sox(1) to convert otherfile formats to supported formats.

Specifying a "-" as filename causes data to be read from STDIN. Currentlyonly raw files are supported from STDIN.
If you are unsure about the byte order of your audio files try thecommand 'show-data'. If the byte order is correct you will see asequence of increasing or decreasing numbers for bothchannels. Otherwise numbers are jumping between very high and lowvalues - high volume static.

DATAFILE <filename> [ <length> ]

Adds data from given file to the current data track. If <length> is omittedthe actual file length will be used.

FIFO <fifo path> <length>

Adds data from specified FIFO path to the current audio or data track.<length> must specify the amount of data that will be read from theFIFO. The value is always in terms of bytes (scalar value) or in termsof the block length (MSF value).

START [ MM:SS:FF ]

Defines the length of the pre-gap (position where index switches from0 to 1). If the MSF value is omitted the current track length isused. If the current track length is not a multiple of the blocklength the pre-gap length will be rounded up to next block boundary.

If no START statement is given the track will not have a pre-gap.

PREGAP MM:SS:FF

This is an alternate way to specify a pre-gap with zero audio data. Itmay appear before the first SILENCE, ZERO or FILE statement. Either PREGAPor START can be used within a track specification. It is equivalent tothe sequence

  SILENCE MM:SS:FF

  START
for audio tracks or

  ZERO MM:SS:FF

  START
for data tracks.

Nothing prevents mixing 'DATAFILE'/'ZERO' and 'AUDIOFILE'/'SILENCE'statements within the same track. The results, however, are undefined.

The end of a track specification may contain zero or more indexincrement statements:

INDEX MM:SS:FF: Increments the index number at given position within the track. Thefirst statement will increment from 1 to 2. The position is relativeto the real track start, not counting an existing pre-gap.

CD-TEXT Blocks

A CD-TEXT block may be placed in the global section to define data valid forthe whole CD and in each track specification of atoc-file.The global section must define a language map that is used to map alanguage-numberto country codes. Up to 8 different languages can be defined:

LANGUAGE_MAP { 0 : c1 1 : c2 ... 7 : c7 }: The country code may be an integer value in the range 0..255 or one of thefollowing countries (the corresponding integer value is placed in braces behind the token): EN(9, English)
It is just necessary to define a mapping for the used languages.

If no mapping exists for alanguage-numberthe data for this language will be ignored.

For each language a language block must exist that defines the actual datafor a certain language.

LANGUAGE language-number { cd-text-item cd-text-data cd-text-item cd-text-data ... }: Defines the CD-TEXT items for givenlanguage-numberwhich must be defined in the language map.

Thecd-text-datamay be either a string enclosed by " or binary data like

{ 0, 10, 255, ... }

where each integer number must be in the range 0..255.
Thecd-text-itemmay be one of the following:

TITLE

String data: Title of CD or track.

PERFORMER

String data.

SONGWRITER

String data.

COMPOSER

String data.

ARRANGER

String data.

MESSAGE

String data. Message to the user.

DISC_ID

String data: Should only appear in the global CD-TEXT block. The format isusually: XY12345

GENRE

Mixture of binary data (genre code) and string data. Should only appear inthe global CD-TEXT block. Useful entries will be created bygcdmaster.

TOC_INFO1

Binary data: Optional table of contents 1. Should only appear in the globalCD-TEXT block.

TOC_INFO2

Binary data: Optional table of contents 2. Should only appear in the globalCD-TEXT block.

UPC_EAN

String data: This item should only appear in the global CD-TEXT block. Wasalways an empty string on the CD-TEXT CDs I had access to.

ISRC

String data: ISRC code of track. The format is usually: CC-OOO-YY-SSSSS

SIZE_INFO

Binary data: Contains summary about all CD-TEXT data and should only appearin the global CD-TEXT block. The data will be automatically (re)created whenthe CD-TEXT data is written.

If one of the CD-TEXT items TITLE, PERFORMER, SONGWRITER, COMPOSER, ARRANGER,ISRC is defined for at least on track or in the global section it must bedefined for all tracks and in the global section. If a DISC_ID item is definedin the global section, an ISRC entry must be defined for each track.

Examples

Simple track without pre-gap with all audio data from WAVE file"data.wav":

CD_DATRACK AUDIOFILE "data.wav" 0

Standard track with two second pre-gap, ISRC code and CD-TEXT:

CD_DACD_TEXT {  LANGUAGE_MAP {    0 : EN  }  LANGUAGE 0 {    TITLE "CD Title"    PERFORMER "Performer"    DISC_ID "XY12345"    UPC_EAN ""  }}TRACK AUDIOISRC "DEXXX9800001"CD_TEXT {  LANGUAGE 0 {    TITLE "Track Title"    PERFORMER "Performer"    ISRC "DE-XXX-98-00001"  }}PREGAP 0:2:0FILE "data.wav" 0

Track with 10 second pre-gap containing audio data from raw file"data.cdr":

CD_DATRACK AUDIOFILE "data.cdr" 0 START 0:10:0

Composed track with data from different files. Pre-gap data and lengthis taken from "pregapdata.wav". The first minute of"track.cdr" is omitted and two seconds silence are inserted at'2:0:0'. Index will be incremented after 2 and 4 minutes past track start:

CD_DATRACK AUDIOFILE "pregapdata.wav" 0 STARTFILE "track.cdr" 1:0:0 1:0:0SILENCE 0:2:0FILE "track.cdr" 2:0:0INDEX 2:0:0INDEX 4:0:0

Mixed mode CD with a data track as first track followed by two audio tracks.

CD_ROMTRACK MODE1DATAFILE "data_1"ZERO 00:02:00 // post-gapTRACK AUDIOSILENCE 00:02:00 // pre-gapSTARTFILE "data_2.wav" 0 TRACK AUDIOFILE "data_3.wav" 0

CUE FILES

Cue files may be used wherever atoc-fileis expected. The corresponding bin file is not taken from the FILE statementof a cue file but constructed from the cue file name by replacing ".cue" by".bin". The cue file must have exactly one FILE statement.

Currently, following track modes are supported: MODE1/2048, MODE1/2352,MODE2/2336, MODE2/2352. The CATALOG, ISRC and POSTGAP statements areparsed but not evaluated, yet.

SETTINGS

Some of the command line options can be stored as settings atfollowing locations. The files will be read on startup ofcdrdaoin that order:

1. /etc/cdrdao.conf

2. /etc/defaults/cdrdao

3. /etc/default/cdrdao

4. $HOME/.cdrdao

Command line options will overwrite the loaded settings.The settings file contains name - value pairs separated by acolon. String values must be enclosed by ". The file isautomatically written if the command line option --saveis used but it is also possible to modify it manually. Followingvalues are defined:

write_device: Device used for operations simulate, write, copy, blank, disk-infoandunlock.Corresponding option:--device
write_driver: Driver (including driver options) that is used for operationssimulate, write, copy, blank, disk-info andunlock.Corresponding option:--driver
write_speed: Specifies writing speed. Corresponding option: --speed
write_buffers: Specifies fifo buffers used for recording. Corresponding option: --buffers
read_device: Device used for operationsread-toc, read-cdandcopy.Corresponding option: --deviceor--source-device
read_driver: Driver (including driver options) used for operationsread-toc, read-cdandcopy.Corresponding option:--driveror--source-driver
read_paranoia_mode: Paranoia mode used for operationsread-cd and copy.Corresponding option:--paranoia-mode
cddb_server_list: CDDB server list forread-cddb.Corresponding option:--cddb-servers
cddb_timeout: CDDB connection timeout in seconds used byread-cddb.Corresponding option:--cddb-timeout
cddb_directory: Local directory where fetched CDDB records will be stored, used byread-cddb.Corresponding option:--cddb-directory
tmp_file_dir: Directory where temporary WAV files will be created from decoding MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files. Corresponding option:--tmpdir

BUGS

If the program is terminated during the write/simulation process used IPCresources may not be released. Use ipcs(8) and ipcrm(8) to delete them.

AUTHOR

Andreas Mueller muellerAATTdaneb.ping.de [DEFUNCT]Denis Leroy <denisAATTpoolshark.org>Manuel Clos <llaneroAATTusers.sourceforge.net>

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